Kugeza ubu, hari ibigo 39 mu ishami ry’imirimo ya Jewoloji muri Ukraine, muri byo 13 ni imishinga iyobowe na Leta ikora mu buryo butaziguye ubushakashatsi ku mutungo wa mbere.Inganda nyinshi zamugaye kubera kubura igishoro n’ubukungu budahungabana.Mu rwego rwo kurushaho kunoza ibintu, Guverinoma ya Ukraine yasohoye Amabwiriza ajyanye no guhindura urwego rw’ubushakashatsi bw’umutungo wa Jewoloji n’ubutaka, washyizeho politiki ihuriweho yo kuvugurura urwego no gushakisha, gukoresha no kurinda umutungo w’ubutaka.Iteganya neza ko usibye ibigo 13 byambere byubushakashatsi bwa leta byubushakashatsi bizakomeza kuba ibya leta, ibindi bigo bizahindurwa mubucuruzi bwimigabane, bishobora kurushaho guhinduka muburyo butandukanye bwibigo bivangavanze mubukungu, harimo n’amahanga- ibigo bisangiwe cyangwa imishinga yose y’amahanga;Binyuze mu ivugurura ry’imiterere n’ivugurura ry’inganda, imirenge yahoze ihinduka ibikorwa bishya n’ibikorwa, bityo bikabona ishoramari haba mu ngengo y’imari n’ingengo y’imari;Hindura inganda, ukureho ibice byubuyobozi, kandi ugabanye imiyoborere kugirango ugabanye ibiciro.
Kugeza ubu, inganda zirenga 2000 mu bucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro muri Ukraine zirimo gukoresha no gutunganya amabuye y'agaciro yo mu kuzimu.Mbere y’uko Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Abasoviyeti zisenyuka, 20 ku ijana by'abakozi bo muri Ukraine bakoraga mu nganda zikora ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro, bakemeza ko hejuru ya 80 ku ijana by'umutungo kamere w'igihugu ukenera, 48 ku ijana by'amafaranga yinjira mu gihugu yaturutse mu birombe, na 30-35 ku ijana by'amafaranga yinjira mu mahanga. byaturutse mu bucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro.Ubu ubukungu bwifashe nabi no kubura igishoro cyo kubyaza umusaruro muri Ukraine bigira uruhare runini mu nganda z’ubushakashatsi, ndetse no kurushaho kuzamura ibikoresho bya tekiniki mu bucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro.
Muri Gashyantare 1998, isabukuru yimyaka 80 ibiro bishinzwe ubushakashatsi bwa geologiya muri Ukraine byasohoye amakuru yerekana ko: Umubare w’ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y'agaciro muri Ukraine ni 667, ubwoko bw’amabuye y'agaciro bugera kuri 94, harimo umubare munini w’amabuye y'agaciro akenewe mu nganda.Impuguke muri Ukraine zashyize agaciro k’amabuye y’amabuye y'agaciro munsi ya tiriyari 7.5.Ariko impuguke z’iburengerazuba zashyize agaciro k’ubutaka bwa Ukraine munsi y’amadolari arenga miliyoni 11.5.Nk’uko umuyobozi wa komite ishinzwe imicungire y’umutungo wa Leta ya Ukraine abitangaza ngo iri suzuma ni imibare yibanda cyane.
Ubucukuzi bwa Zahabu na silver muri Ukraine bwatangiye mu 1997 hamwe na 500 zahabu na kg 1.546 bya feza byacukuwe mu gace ka Muzhyev.Umushinga uhuriweho na Ukraine n’Uburusiya wacukuye ibiro 450 bya zahabu mu kirombe cya Savynansk mu mpera za 1998.
Leta irateganya gutanga toni 11 za zahabu ku mwaka.Kugirango iyi ntego igerweho, Ukraine ikeneye kwinjiza byibuze miliyoni 600 z'amadolari y'ishoramari mu cyiciro cya mbere, kandi umusaruro w’umwaka mu cyiciro cya kabiri uzagera kuri toni 22-25.Ikibazo nyamukuru ubu nukubura ishoramari murwego rwa mbere.Umubare munini wabitswe mu karere ka Transcarpathian yo mu burengerazuba bwa Ukraine wasangaga urimo impuzandengo ya garama 5,6 za zahabu kuri toni y’ubutare, mu gihe ububiko bwiza bushobora kuba bufite garama 8.9 za zahabu kuri toni y’ubutare.
Dukurikije gahunda, Ukraine imaze gukora ubushakashatsi mu bucukuzi bwa Mysk muri Odessa no mu bucukuzi bwa Bobrikov i Donetsk.Ikirombe cya Bobrikov ni agace gato gafite zahabu igera ku kilo 1, 250 kandi yemerewe gukoreshwa.
Amavuta na gazi Ukraine yibitseho peteroli na gaze byibanda cyane mubirenge bya carpathian muburengerazuba, ihungabana rya Donetsk-Dnipropetrovsk muburasirazuba hamwe ninyanja yumukara hamwe n’inyanja ya azov.Umusaruro mwinshi ku mwaka wari toni miliyoni 14.2 mu 1972. Ukraine ifite ubutare buke bwagaragaye bwo gutanga peteroli na gaze.Bivugwa ko Ukraine ifite toni miliyari 4.9 z’ibigega bya peteroli, ariko byagaragaye ko toni miliyari 1,2 gusa ziteguye kuvanwa.Abandi bakeneye ubundi bushakashatsi.Abahanga bo muri Ukraine bavuga ko ibura rya peteroli na gaze, umubare rusange w’ibigega bya peteroli ndetse n’urwego rw’ikoranabuhanga mu bushakashatsi atari byo byihutirwa muri iki gihe, ikibazo nyamukuru ni uko bidashobora kuvanwa.Ku bijyanye no gukoresha ingufu, Nubwo Ukraine itari mu bihugu by’ubukungu buke bikoresha ingufu, yatakaje 65% kugeza 80% by’umusaruro w’amavuta no gukoresha imirima ya peteroli.Niyo mpamvu, ni ngombwa kunoza urwego rwa tekiniki no gushaka ubufatanye bwo mu rwego rwo hejuru.Kugeza ubu, Ukraine imaze kuvugana na bimwe mu bihugu bikomeye by’inganda z’amahanga, ariko amasezerano y’ubufatanye bwa nyuma agomba gutegereza ko hashyirwaho politiki y’igihugu cya Ukraine, cyane cyane ibisobanuro birambuye ku bijyanye no kugabana ibicuruzwa.Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe ku bijyanye n’ingengo y’imari ya Ukraine bwerekanye ingengo y’imari, niba ushaka kubona inyungu z’ubucukuzi bwa peteroli na gaze muri Ukraine, uruganda rugomba kubanza gushora miliyoni 700 z’amadolari yo gucukumbura amabuye y'agaciro, ubucukuzi busanzwe no gutunganya bukenera nibura miliyari 3 ku mwaka - miliyari 4 z'amadolari. y'amafaranga agenda, harimo buri gucukura iriba bizakenera byibuze miliyoni 900 niyo shoramari.
Uranium Uranium ni umutungo w’ubutaka wa Ukraine, ugereranywa n’ikigo mpuzamahanga gishinzwe ingufu za kirimbuzi gifite ibigega bya gatanu binini ku isi.
Ibirombe bya uranium byahoze ari Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Abasoviyeti ahanini biri muri Ukraine.Mu 1944, itsinda ry’ubushakashatsi bwa geologiya riyobowe na Lavlinko ryacukuye uraniyumu ya mbere muri Ukraine kugira ngo ibone uraniyumu ku gisasu cya mbere cya kirimbuzi cy’Abasoviyeti.Nyuma yimyaka myinshi yubucukuzi bwamabuye y'agaciro, tekinoroji yo gucukura Uranium muri Ukraine igeze kurwego rwo hejuru cyane.Kugeza mu 1996, ubucukuzi bwa uranium bwari bumaze kugera ku rwego rwa 1991.
Ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro no gutunganya uraniyumu muri Ukraine bisaba uruhare runini mu bijyanye n'amafaranga, ariko icy'ingenzi ni ubufatanye bufatika n'Uburusiya na Qazaqistan mu gutunganya uraniyumu no gukora ibikoresho bikungahaye kuri uraniyumu.
Ibindi bicukurwamo amabuye y'agaciro y'umuringa: Kugeza ubu Guverinoma ya Ukraine yatumiye amasoko yo gushakisha hamwe no gucukura amabuye y'agaciro y'umuringa wa Zhilov mu Ntara ya Voloen.Ukraine yakwegereye abantu benshi bo hanze kubera umusaruro mwinshi ndetse n’ubuziranenge bw’umuringa, kandi guverinoma irateganya gucuruza ibirombe by’umuringa bya Ukraine ku masoko y’imigabane yo hanze nka New York na London.
Diamonds: Niba Ukraine ishobora gushora byibuze miliyoni 20 hryvnia kumwaka, vuba izagira diyama nziza cyane yonyine.Ariko nta shoramari nk'iryo.Niba nta shoramari rimaze igihe kinini, birashoboka ko ryacukurwa n'abashoramari b'abanyamahanga.
Amabuye y'icyuma: Dukurikije gahunda y’umwaka w’iterambere ry’ubukungu muri Ukraine, mu mwaka wa 2010 Ukraine izagera ku 95% yo kwihaza mu bikoresho fatizo byo gukora ibyuma n’ibyuma, kandi ibyoherezwa mu mahanga bizagera kuri miliyari 4 ~ miliyari 5 DOLLARS.
Ku bijyanye n’ingamba z’amabuye y'agaciro, icyihutirwa muri Ukraine ni ugukomeza kuvumbura no gushakisha kumenya ibigega.Muri rusange harimo: zahabu, chromium, umuringa, amabati, isasu hamwe n’ibindi bikoresho bidafite fer na amabuye y'agaciro, fosifore n’ibintu bidasanzwe, n'ibindi. Abayobozi ba Ukraine bemeza ko ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y'agaciro yo mu kuzimu bushobora kuzamura rwose uko ibintu byinjira mu mahanga n'ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga, byongera ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga inshuro 1.5 kugeza kuri 2, kandi bigabanye ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga 60 kugeza 80 ku ijana, bityo bigabanye cyane igihombo cy’ubucuruzi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gashyantare-08-2022